http://www.esafety.cn/blog/wll/66030/index.html

化工生产企业的冬季安全“五防”

作者[孙锡云] 发表于[2010-12-17 14:59:00]
化工生产企业的冬季安全“五防

  化工生产企业冬季做好防寒、防冻、防火、防煤气中毒和防滑5个方面的工作,对预防冬季火灾爆炸事故能起到重要作用。

  一、防寒

  车间、厂房保温防寒工作未落实好,容易使水管、冷却管冻裂,为火灾、爆炸事故埋下隐患。落实防寒工作要抓好以下几点。

  1.入冬前要全面做好厂房、基建设施的保温防寒工作。

  2.要在取暖期前,调整、修好暖气设备并要打压试漏,以保证取暖期间的安全。

  3.一些遇低温易变质的化工原料和产品,应注意保温。另外,怕热的原料和产品不要放在火炉、暖气片附近,更不能压在暖气管线上,防止发生聚变和爆炸。

  4.要搞好灭火器材的保温防冻。如化学泡沫灭火机遇低温,其桶内和胆内的溶液会冻结成块,膨胀后胀坏而报废,所以,化学泡沫灭火机一定要在室内常温下保存。

  二、防冻

  我国东北地区冬季气温一般在零下20℃-40℃,化工生产企业防冻工作十分重要。

  1.预防原料凝结。某石油厂,因天气寒冷,套管结晶器内的原油凝结,使设备不能正常运转。当班工人用蒸气去冲化,结果套管内温度急剧上升,使套管内液氨喷出,操作工被冲倒在油池中当场死亡。

  2.防管线冻结。某化工厂操作工见炉面出水管冻结,便在停炉时间用火烘烤出口阀,使炉面内蒸气超压而发生爆炸。另有一小化工厂由于蒸馏釜充气阀门的阀芯水结冰,将阀芯顶脱,因釜内压力增高把釜盖冲开,大量苯气体外逸,遇明火发生爆炸。

  3.防设备脆裂。某小化肥厂压缩车间水洗塔,由于低温及设备材质和焊接技术问题,在塔的三层边缘发生脆性破裂而引起爆炸,造成重大恶性事故。

  三、防火

  防火工作在冬季非常重要,应注意以下几个方面:

  1.加强用火管理。冬季取暖中,工作场所和职工宿舍火炉增多。炉子要合理设置,烟筒安装要合适,周围不放置易燃物。对于生产用火,要按章办理动火手续,落实防火安全责任制,做到人走火灭。不要用蒸气直接取暖,更不要在散热器上烘烤衣物,以防燃烧起火。化工生产放热的化学反应、熬炼、干燥等操作岗位都要严格执行防火规定,以减少灾害事故的发生。

  2.不乱用电热设备。不乱拉临时线,铜铝线不要相接。按规定使用电气设备,不要超负荷,用过的电热设备要及时断电。会议室或俱乐部防止强光直照烤焦幕布或其他可燃物。集体宿舍和值班室的家电要合理使用和安装,防止发生意外火灾。

  四、防煤气中毒

  煤气主要是指一氧化碳气体。在生产过程和日常生活中都可能由于管理不善和其他原因造成煤气泄漏。煤气不但能引起火灾或爆炸事故,而且也可使人中毒甚至死亡。特别是在冬季,由于室内空气流通差,泄漏的煤气容易积聚。加上取暖和设备增多,更增加了煤气中毒的可能性。预防煤气中毒要做到:

  l.定期检修设备,防止煤气发生炉及管线泄漏。

  2.加强设备密闭和室内通风,特别是易产生煤气的车间。

  3.严格遵守操作规程,一旦出现一氧化碳,要及时净化。对一氧化碳高浓度区要有个人防护装备及监护措施。

  4.生产与生活用气一定要分开,防止有毒气体或尾气串入生活用气系统。

  5.注意个人防护,凡进入煤气危险区作业的要配戴好防毒面具,—定要使用输入空气式的防毒面具。

  6.对职工加强防煤气中毒的安全教育,普及自救和互救知识。

  7.单位的值班人员,如果用火炉取暖,不要压封炉子。

  8.有明显神经系统疾病、心血管疾病及严重贫血人员、妊娠妇女、未成人以及年龄较大的职工,不要在产生一氧化碳的岗位上工作。

  五、防滑

  冬季,由于天冷积雪不化,道路很滑。从事户外作业,特别是户外登高作业,要严格检查设施,增加必要的防滑措施,以免高空坠落和摔伤。

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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章

作者[fetps(游客)] 发表于[2016-10-12 21:37:33]
fetps(游客)http://www.jxedt.com/wen/qita/3170285186340618330.html
http://www.jxedt.com/wen/kaoshi/3170285186340618330.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/u/3012/archives/2010/103032.html
http://www.seowhy7.com/thread-56118388-1-1.html
http://www.jxedt.com/wen/qita/3170285194663034934.html
http://www.jxedt.com/wen/kaoshi/3170285194663034934.html
http://www.jxedt.com/wen/qita/3170285201282498642.html
http://www.jxedt.com/wen/kaoshi/3170285201282498642.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/u/8359/archives/2012/120686.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/wll/66030/archives/2012/123798.html

Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章

作者[dbtvz(游客)] 发表于[2016-10-8 0:00:25]
dbtvz(游客)http://www.esafety.cn/blog/wll/73171/archives/2011/107820.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/u/3012/archives/2011/109094.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/wll/122892/archives/2011/110570.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/u/3012/archives/2011/111438.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/u/3012/archives/2011/112611.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/wll/152664/archives/2011/115563.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/u/9490/archives/2011/118724.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/u/9490/archives/2011/119638.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/u/11256/archives/2012/120964.html
http://www.esafety.cn/blog/wll/66030/archives/2012/122544.html

原创

作者[原创(游客)] 发表于[2016-9-30 16:15:49]
原创(游客)http://rywywj.lofter.com/post/1e6a80c3_c8240be http://rywywj.lofter.com/post/1e6a80c3_c821164 http://rywywj.lofter.com/post/1e6a80c3_c8229fa http://rywydx.lofter.com/post/1e6a68e3_c80c310 http://rywydx.lofter.com/post/1e6a68e3_c80cbcf http://njryw168.lofter.com/post/1e6983e5_c7e88b7 http://rywywj.lofter.com/post/1e6a80c3_c8211da http://rywydx.lofter.com/post/1e6a68e3_c81409d http://rywydx.lofter.com/post/1e6a68e3_c812f77 http://rywywj.lofter.com/post/1e6a80c3_c820d26

原创

作者[原创(游客)] 发表于[2016-9-28 21:34:54]
原创(游客)http://ywjseo.lofter.com/post/1e634752_c650ec8 http://wztgywj.lofter.com/post/1e65f473_c6ef5d9 http://wztgywj.lofter.com/post/1e65f473_c6e9f93 http://bjseoywj.lofter.com/post/1e66bf3e_c7119c3 http://wztgywj.lofter.com/post/1e65f473_c6ea1e6 http://wztgywj.lofter.com/post/1e65f473_c6ee908 http://bjseoywj.lofter.com/post/1e66bf3e_c710a03 http://seogsywj.lofter.com/post/1e634756_c6df517 http://ywjseo.lofter.com/post/1e634752_c652df1 http://bjseoywj.lofter.com/post/1e66bf3e_c7075b3

原创

作者[原创(游客)] 发表于[2016-9-6 21:57:31]
原创(游客)http://rywpxl.lofter.com/post/1e5a849c_c3d3705 http://rywpxl.lofter.com/post/1e5a849c_c3d3704 http://rywpxl.lofter.com/post/1e5a849c_c3d3703 http://rywpxl.lofter.com/post/1e5a849c_c3d3702 http://rywpxl.lofter.com/post/1e5a849c_c3d3701 http://rywpxl.lofter.com/post/1e5a849c_c3d3700 http://rywpxl.lofter.com/post/1e5a849c_c3d36ff http://rywpxl.lofter.com/post/1e5a849c_c3d36fe http://rywpxl.lofter.com/post/1e5a849c_c3d36fd http://rywpxl.lofter.com/post/1e5a849c_c3d36fc
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