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核辐射对人体有哪些伤害 | 2011-3-18 8:54:00

1、急性核辐射性损伤

照射剂量超过1Gy(单位:戈)时可引起急性放射病或局部急性损伤;在剂量低于1Gy时,少数人可出现头晕、乏力、食欲下降等轻微症状;剂量在1-10Gy时,出现以造血系统损伤为主;剂量在10-50Gy时,出现以消化道为主症状,若不经治疗,在两周内100%死亡;50Gy以上出现脑损伤为主症状,可在2天死亡。急性损伤多见于核辐射事故。

2、慢性核辐射损伤

全身长期超剂量慢性照射,可引起慢性放射性病。局部大剂量照射,可产生局部慢性损伤,如慢性皮肤损伤、造血障碍、白内障等。慢性损伤常见于核辐射工作的职业人群。

慢性核辐射损伤

3、胚胎与胎儿的损伤

胚胎和胎儿对辐射比较敏感,在胚胎植入前接触辐射可使死胎率升高;在器官形成期接触,可使胎儿畸形率升高,新生儿死亡率也相应升高。据流行病学调查显示,在胎儿期受照射的儿童中,白血病和某些癌症的发生率较对照组为高。

4、远期效应

在中等或大剂量范围内,核辐射致癌已为动物实验和流行病学调查所证实。在受到急慢性照射的人群中,白细胞严重下降,肺癌、甲状腺癌、乳腺癌和骨癌等各种癌症的发生率随照射剂量增加而增高。

5、受核辐射污染后的后遗症问题

受辐射污染后6个月,会发生的机体变化,包括晶体浑浊、白内障、男性睾丸和女性卵巢受影响导致永久不育、骨髓受损出现造血功能障碍,以及出现各种癌症。

另亦会有遗传效应,令生殖细胞基因或染色体发生变异,导致畸胎等问题

Re:核辐射对人体有哪些伤害 | 2011-3-18 8:56:33
章仁根
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原创 | 2016-9-6 17:15:19
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原创 | 2016-9-28 16:51:00
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原创 | 2016-9-30 11:28:11
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-9 14:58:50
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-16 8:18:12
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-17 5:08:42
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-21 3:02:04
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-21 15:11:02
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2017-2-18 15:09:54
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