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【责任分散效应】 | 2010-11-17 7:22:00

1964年3月13日夜3时20分，在美国纽约郊外某公寓前，一位叫朱诺比白的年轻女子在结束酒巴间工作回家的路上遇刺。当她绝望地喊叫：“有人要杀人啦!救命!救命!”听到喊叫声，附近住户亮起了灯，打开了窗户，凶手吓跑了。当一切恢复平静后，凶手又返回作案。当她又叫喊时，附近的住户又打开了电灯，凶手又逃跑了。当她认为已经无事，回到自己家上楼时，凶手又一次出现在她面前，将她杀死在楼梯上。在这个过程中，尽管她大声呼救，她的邻居中至少有38位到窗前观看，但无一人来救她，甚至无一人打电话报警。这件事引起纽约社会的轰动，也引起了社会心理学工作者的重视和思考。人们把这种众多的旁观者见死不救的现象称为责任分散效应。
对于责任分散效应形成的原因，心理学家进行了大量的实验和调查，结果发现：这种现象不能仅仅说是众人的冷酷无情，或道德日益沦丧的表现。因为在不同的场合，人们的援助行为确实是不同的。当一个人遇到紧急情境时，如果只有他一个人能提供帮助，他会清醒地意识到自己的责任，对受难者给予帮助。如果他见死不救会产生罪恶感、内疚感，这需要付出很高的心理代价。而如果有许多人在场的话，帮助求助者的责任就由大家来分担，造成责任分散，每个人分担的责任很少，旁观者甚至可能连他自己的那一份责任也意识不到，从而产生一种“我不去救，由别人去救”的心理，造成“集体冷漠”的局面。如何打破这种局面，这是心理学家正在研究的一个重要课题。

By:章仁根 | 阅读全文 | 回复(22) | 引用通告 | 编辑

标签：【责任分散效应】

Re:【责任分散效应】 | 2010-11-17 7:24:40

【责任分散效应】阅而知之.

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Re:【责任分散效应】 | 2010-11-17 7:24:43

【责任分散效应】阅而知之.

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原创 | 2016-9-6 17:56:13

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原创 | 2016-9-28 17:30:03

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原创 | 2016-9-30 12:06:25

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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-8 18:05:14

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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-11 14:45:06

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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-12 22:45:03

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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-13 16:17:55

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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-14 13:41:28

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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-14 17:55:10

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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-14 18:59:27

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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-16 23:46:41

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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-22 12:42:43

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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-22 15:46:41

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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-22 23:04:21

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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-23 14:21:14

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By:fkmqu(游客) | 个人主页 | 引用 | 返回 | 删除 | 回复

Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2017-2-18 14:39:44

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By:bquxb(游客) | 个人主页 | 引用 | 返回 | 删除 | 回复

Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2017-2-18 15:24:14

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