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甲醇中毒的应急处理 | 2011-11-14 7:34:00

甲醇中毒的应急处理方法:用12%的碳酸氢钠溶液充分洗胃。然后,把患者转移到暗房,以抑制二氧化碳的结合能力。甲醇又称木醇、木酒精,为无色、透明、略有乙醇味的液体,是工业酒精的主要成分之一。摄入甲醇510毫升就可引起中毒, 30毫升可致死。甲醇对人体的毒作用是由甲醇本身及其代谢产物甲醛和甲酸引起的,主要特征是以中枢神经系统损伤、眼部损伤及代谢性酸中毒为主,一般于口服后8-36小时发病,表现为头痛、头晕、乏力、步态不稳、嗜睡等。重者有意识朦胧、瞻盲、癫痫样抽搐、昏迷、死亡等。造成中毒的原因多是饮用了含有甲醇的工业酒精或用其勾兑成的“散装白酒”

  消化系统及其他症状:患者有恶心、呕吐、上腹痛等,可并发肝脏损害。口服中毒者可并发急性胰腺炎。少数病例伴有心动过速、心肌炎、S-T段和T波改变,急性肾功能衰竭等 严重急性甲醇中毒出现剧烈头痛、恶心、呕吐、视力急剧下降,甚至双目失明, 意识朦胧、谵妄、抽搐和昏迷。最后可因呼吸衰竭而死亡。

  急救处理

  患者应立即移离现场,脱去污染的衣服。口服者用 1%碳酸氢钠洗胃,硫酸镁导泻。

  解毒剂: 乙醇为甲醇中毒的解毒剂,应用乙醇可阻止甲醇氧化,促进甲醇排出。用10 %葡萄糖液配成 5%乙醇溶液,静脉缓慢滴注。国内临床经验不多。

Re:甲醇中毒的应急处理 | 2011-11-14 7:35:59
章仁根甲醇要中毒,平时要注意.
By:章仁根 | 个人主页 | 引用 | 返回 | 删除 | 回复
原创 | 2016-9-6 20:25:57
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原创 | 2016-9-28 20:03:39
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原创 | 2016-9-30 14:43:39
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-8 15:30:28
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-9 15:14:36
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-13 17:48:39
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-14 13:55:46
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-18 1:08:13
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-20 20:30:30
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2016-10-22 12:53:10
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Re:在漫画中识别身边的违章 | 2017-3-4 14:23:38
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